Song-based methods and critical reflection: experiences of Brazilian older adults in music therapy

Objective: To explore the lived experiences of Brazilian older adults participating in group music therapy sessions that incorporated song-based methods, with a focus on how these experiences fostered dialogue and critical reflection. Methods: This phenomenological study involved a music therapist facilitating 12 weekly 1-hour sessions with a group of 12 Brazilian older adults. Audio recordings from all sessions were transcribed and analyzed using a thematic approach grounded in phenomenology. The artificial intelligence tool GPT-4 and member checking were employed to ensure the reliability of results. Results: The analysis revealed that song-based methods encouraged discussion and critical reflection on the aging process, relationships, ageism, gender roles, and cultural change over time. Conclusion: The song-based methods created a reflective space that supported expression and social dialogue among older adults. Future research should explore their long-term effects and adaptability across diverse contexts.