THE STATE OF PHOSPHORUS AND AMMONIUM EXCHANGE IN THE TERNOPIL RESERVOIR AND THE ROLE OF CHLORELLA IN ITS OPTIMIZATION

The increase in anthropogenic load on the hydroecosystem of natural reservoirs led to eutrophication, and therefore to «water bloom» with all its consequences and pollution of the habitat of hydrobionts. The aim of the article was to analyze the regulation of the content of phosphates and ammonium in the Ternopil pond. The research was conducted during 2023-2024 (from September to September), with monthly sampling every two weeks (except for the winter months, when the temperature indicators were significantly lower than the freezing temperature of water and the pond was covered with ice) at a depth of 0.5 meters. The analysis of the samples was carried out using the AI-123 ionomer and KFK-2-UHL 4.2. The following physicochemical indicators were selected for monitoring water pollution: acidity, the presence of phosphates and ammonium ions. Based on the results of the research, graphical modeling was carried out, which showed that against the background of a stable indicator of water acidity (pH), changes in the content of ammonium and phosphate ions were comparable in October-November 2023 and in May-June 2024. In July 2024, the potentials of the content of measured ions differed sharply. In our opinion, the decrease in the content of ions in the pond water in mid-June is explained by the active transformation of insoluble phosphates into organic compounds by chlorella microalgae, which was introduced into the Ternopil pond on June 3, 2024 in the form of a paste in the amount of 200 kilograms (Regional Office of Water Resources in Ternopil Region, 2024.) Key words: phosphorus exchange, ammonium exchange, phosphate ions, ammonium ions, Ternopil Pond, eutrophication, hydroecosystem, Chlorella vulgaris Beijer