An Empirical Study of Income and Expenditure on Living Standards in North Central Nigeria

This research surveyed the portent of quality of life (QoL) as determined by Human Development Index (HDI), which is a composite statistic used to classify states by the level of “human development”. Evaluating and revealing what is QoL is an uncomfortable task. This research investigates the relationship between income and expenditure patterns in relation to living standards in the North Central region of Nigeria. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through surveys and interviews from households across various socio-economic backgrounds. The findings highlight the disparities in income and expenditure, revealing how these factors shape living conditions, access to basic services, and overall quality of life. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of socio-economic dynamics in Nigeria, providing recommendations for policymakers to enhance living standards.