DESIGN AND EXPERIMENT OF DEEP TOPDRESSING APPLICATOR FOR WINTER WHEAT

To achieve mechanized deep topdressing for winter wheat, the planting pattern of narrow and wide row spacing of (10+20) cm was proposed and the topdressing applicator was designed to implement deep topdressing in the 20 wide row. The numerical simulation was conducted to evaluate the soil disturbance of furrow opener, the precision fertilization control system was attached to improve the fertilization accuracy, the precision row alignment system was attached to furnish support for the operation between the rows, the field experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of topdressing applicator and the effect of deep topdressing fertilization on grain yield and yield trait parameters after harvest. The simulation results showed that the double-disc furrow opener with parameters of disc diameter 350mm, disc angle 10° and offset angle 25° caused the soil disturbance within the ± (5–15) cm range along with a heave less than 2 cm at a furrowing depth of 10cm, the row alignment deviation values of guideline alignment and cross-track deviation under flat ground were mostly distributed within ±3cm at a tractor speed of 3km/h. The field experimental results indicated that at a working speed of 3km/h, the topdressing applicator can accomplish 10 cm deep topdressing in the 20cm wide row along with the row alignment deviation largely distributed with in ±5cm, the GNs, TKW and grain yield were higher than broadcasting group, which verifies the feasibility of the planting pattern of (10+20) cm and the practicality of the deep topdressing applicator.