Evaluation of Neck Muscle Endurance, Cervical Range of Motion, and Head-and-neck Posture in Individuals with Myopia

Background and Aim: Myopia, also called as short-sightedness or near sightedness, is a common refractive error that develops during childhood or early adulthood. Visual impairment can lead to increased tension of neck muscles as patients tend to bend forward or turn their head to compensate for vision problems, are at risk of developing musculoskeletal problems in neck and scapular region irrespective of age, also can affect the quality of life and work. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate cervical muscle endurance, range of motion, and head-and-neck posture in individuals with moderate myopia. Materials and Methods: A total of 71 individuals diagnosed with myopia were recruited in the study using convenience sampling method. Neck flexor and extensor endurance test, goniometer, AI posture evaluation and correction system were used for assessing the individuals. Results: 57.7% cleared and 42.3% did not clea the flexor endurance test. On the other hand, 46.5% cleared and 53.5% did not clear extensor endurance test. All the cervical range of motions (ROM) (cervical flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation) were reduced ( P = 0.057). Conclusion: The study concluded by showing a significant reduction in cervical ROM and reduced flexor and extensor endurance; whereas, there no relationship between myopia and forward head posture.