Evaluating Technology Attributes of Grid-Size Electricity Energy Storage for Palawan: A Multi-Criteria Analysis Study

This study evaluates key technological factors for grid-scale energy storage in Palawan, Philippines, to support renewable energy integration and enhance grid stability. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and input from various stakeholder groups, we assessed technology attributes such as cost-effectiveness, safety, reliability, and storage capacity. Hydrogen Energy Storage (HES) emerged as the highest-rated technology, with a score of 0.28, followed by lithium-ion batteries at 0.24. This reflects broad support from both scientific communities and the general public. The initial stakeholder evaluation highlighted three key attributes: maintainability (0.094), energy efficiency (0.092), and geographic and climatic suitability (0.085), indicating a focus on practical, localized concerns. The study emphasizes that by combining technical viability with community values, we can develop practical and inclusive off-grid energy solutions. Insights from this comprehensive evaluation provide targeted pathways for policy design, including incentives, public outreach, and equitable financing schemes. Ultimately, aligning technological solutions with social preferences and technical standards can facilitate a just and sustainable energy transition in Palawan.