How to build tourism economic resilience in historical and cultural blocks?—A fsQCA study based on 21 blocks in Beijing

The development of cities has resulted in the increasing importance of historical and cultural blocks as carriers cultural communication and valuable resources for urban and tourism development. However, there is a paucity of research on the economic resilience of historical and cultural blocks and its influencing factors in the context of tourism development. This study investigated 21 historical and cultural blocks in Beijing and employed fsQCA to identify factors influencing their tourism economic resilience. We found that:(1) the tourism economic resilience of historical and cultural blocks is jointly influenced by a combination of factors, among which high tourism element investment is necessary for high tourism economic resilience. (2) There are three high tourism economic resilience configurations of historical and cultural blocks: the cultural and creative industry empowerment-driven model, the folklore community collaborative governance model, and the cultural-resources-concentrated development model; along with two non-high tourism economic resilience configurations: the Tourism Investment Deficiency Model and the Single Tourism Resource Model. These results provide the theoretical foundation and practical guidance for strengthening the tourism economic resilience of historical and cultural blocks, updating the blocks, and improving their tourism development.