FORMATION OF PUBLIC SPACES IN THE STRUCTURE OF PASSENGER TRANSPORT HUBS

The article covers in detail the experience of forming large transport hubs, their importance in the world economy is determined due to the ability to connect different countries and continents. It was determined that a transport hub as a system is a complex of transport processes and means that ensure their implementation at the intersection of two or more main modes of transport, in the transport system such nodes play the role of a regulating valve. The article also states that today in the world mainly transport transfer nodes (TPNs) operate, while passenger transport hubs (PTHs) are just beginning to gain popularity, as well as the main goal of TPNs, which is to provide the most comfortable conditions for transporting public transport passengers in the shortest possible time, therefore transport hubs are turning into real centres of life that combine opportunities and conveniences for everyone who wants to travel, develop and communicate. The article describes in detail the functioning of passenger hubs in the sense of providing certain services related to the movement of passengers, ensuring a comfortable stay and the possibility of purchasing various goods (multi-services, fast food establishments, restaurants, cafes, cultural and entertainment facilities for family recreation, vending machines, payment terminals, etc.). Particular emphasis is placed on adding public functions to transport and transfer nodes, which expands their capabilities, turning them into passenger transport hubs to provide: - placement of commercial facilities. - creation of comfortable conditions for passengers waiting for transport. - optimization of pedestrian flows of passengers making a transfer, with the possibility of visiting service facilities or bypassing them. The authors prove that as unique architectural objects, passenger transport hubs significantly influence not only the development of nearby territories, but also the overall development of the city, depending on the capacity of passenger transport hubs and the complex of public functions they perform.