LESSONS OF MASTERS OF THE PAST

The article highlights the experience of organization and technology of construction of houses in the countryside in the 50s of the last century. An example of the construction of a Ukrainian hut by folk masters in one of the villages in Polesie is given. The composition of the organizational and preparatory stages of the construction of the house is given. It is shown how unprofessional builders skillfully planned the process of building a house, prepared building materials, planned the selection of the necessary tools and devices. The features of construction processes with comments and comparisons with the current level of construction business are disclosed. Separate construction processes and terms are given in their original form - the Polesie dialect. Some are shown. already forgotten technical and technological techniques in construction, based on empirical, age-old experience, ingenuity of masters. Some features of construction processes inherent in this region of Ukraine are indicated, with comments and comparisons with the current level of construction business. It is revealed that these technical solutions are scientifically justified today as appropriate and those that meet the current building codes and regulations. This applies to issues such as engineering preparation of construction, the use of a structural scheme of a building with a load-bearing frame, thermal insulation of external enclosing structures, etc. These solutions from the past find their new revival in the latest technologies. A somewhat forgotten concept of toloki-building a house by the community is given. The process of building a house by the community, including both technical and social components, is described. It highlights the toloka not only as a process of erecting a house, but also as a social phenomenon of a community of people.