GIS TECHNOLOGIES AND REMOTE SENSING IN MONITORING LAND USE CHANGES

The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of using GIS technologies and remote sensing in monitoring land use changes. It is noted that modern land use is a complex and dynamic process that undergoes constant changes under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The importance of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) as essential tools for analyzing, assessing, and forecasting land use changes is emphasized. These technologies provide real-time access to up-to-date spatial data and enable informed decision-making in urban planning, environmental management, and land administration. Urbanization, the expansion of agricultural lands, deforestation, climate change, and land degradation necessitate the application of effective monitoring methods. The article identifies key tools and methods for processing satellite data, including multispectral analysis, vegetation indices (NDVI, NDBI, NDWI), machine learning, and spatial modeling. Special attention is given to the potential of GIS in detecting land use change trends, mapping urbanized areas, assessing the state of natural ecosystems, and predicting future territorial transformations. The prospects for implementing automated GIS solutions for real-time territory monitoring are explored. The study also examines international experience in applying RS for land use change control and its potential adaptation to national conditions. Recommendations are proposed for improving approaches to monitoring degradation processes and integrating various sources of geospatial data to ensure effective land resource management. The research findings confirm that the use of GIS methods and remote sensing significantly enhances the accuracy, efficiency, and visualization of land use change analysis. Innovative technologies contribute to the implementation of sustainable approaches to spatial planning and environmental monitoring, ensuring the preservation of natural landscapes and the rational use of land resources.