Systems pharmacology identifies ajugol-mediated NF-κB/caspase-3 inhibition and isoacteoside-driven p62/mTOR-mediated autophagy as key mechanisms of Rehmanniae Radix and its processed form in Alzheimer’s treatment
In this work, we systematically elucidated the differential mechanisms underlying the anti-AD effects of ajugol and isoacteoside. We found that ajugol primarily acts <i>via</i> the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP3 and BCL-2/BAX/cytochrome C/caspase-3 pathways, while isoacteoside acts <i>via</i> the LC3-II/P62/p-mTOR/mTOR pathway. These findings establish a foundation for developing RRP-based complementary medicines and functional foods.
Authors
- Chenzi Lyu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0668-1447)
- Xiaoqin Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3659-626X)
- Xiaoning Yan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-0757)
- Xianglong Meng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-9939)
- Wei Xia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3368-4050)
- Ziang Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3822-9145)
- Han Xiang
- Shuosheng Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0825-8116)
- Hyo Won Jung (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3623-5528)
- Yuhui Wu
- Simin Xue
Institutions
- Macau University of Science and Technology (MO)
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Shanxi University (CN)
- Dongguk University (KR)
- University of Jinan (CN)
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Pharmacology
- Published
- 2025-08-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2025.1644847
- Primary Topic
- Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Health Commission of Shanxi Province
- ShanXi Science and Technology Department