Importance of repair in complete radial collateral ligament rupture at the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint and its adjacent anatomical structures: a retrospective case series

Purpose: Rupture of the thumb’s radial collateral ligament (RCL) is relatively uncommon compared to ulnar collateral ligament injuries. Given the close anatomical relationship between the RCL and surrounding structures, associated injuries must be carefully evaluated to ensure appropriate repair. Recent studies suggest that early surgical intervention may yield superior long-term outcomes compared to conservative or delayed repair. This study aimed to highlight the importance of surgical repair of the thumb’s RCL and its adjacent anatomical structures.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted at a single institution, including 14 patients diagnosed with RCL tears. Two cases involving associated structural injuries were examined in detail. Patients were followed up over a short-term period to assess range of motion (ROM), joint stability, and pain levels.Results: Both acute and chronic RCL ruptures demonstrated significant recovery in ROM, stability, and pain management within 8 weeks of follow-up, regardless of the surgical technique employed.Conclusion: Surgical repair of the RCL appears effective in restoring both the functional integrity of the metacarpophalangeal joint and in alleviating pain. During the initial surgical procedure, it is crucial for the surgeon to thoroughly assess and address any concomitant injuries to adjacent structures.