Unsafe Play: Understanding Sexual Victimization in Digital Gaming Communities

Abstract The growth of video game–related digital communities has redefined social interaction, creating global spaces for connection while simultaneously introducing new opportunities for criminal activity. Among these, sexual victimization remains a largely underexplored issue. This study examines experiences of sexual victimization within these communities using data from a representative survey of 1,812 Spanish adult gamers. Results show that 19.6% of participants reported experiencing some form of sexual victimization in digital environments, with higher prevalence among women (22.3%) compared to men (16.4%). Significant associations emerged between having experienced sexual victimization and engaging in online multiplayer gaming, sharing personal information such as gender, and disclosing personal images while gaming online. Additionally, regression analyses revealed that demographic and routine activity factors— such as gender, age, identifying as part of the LGTBIQ+ community, and time spent gaming—significantly increase the risk of victimization (Nagelkerke R 2 = .174). These findings highlight usage patterns and risk factors associated with sexual victimization in digital spaces, underscoring the urgent need for preventive strategies and stronger regulation of digital platforms. The results also emphasize the importance of contextual variables, including platform dynamics and user behaviors, in predicting victimization. Several evidence-based recommendations are proposed to support the development of measures that enhance safety in virtual environments and promote healthier gaming communities.