Enhanced visualization of the atrioventricular annulus using peak frequency and open-window mapping in right-sided accessory pathway ablation

Accessory pathways (APs) are connections that directly establish electrical conduction between the atrial and ventricular myocardium. APs can have antegrade and/or retrograde conduction, sometimes leading to atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT). When atrial fibrillation (AF) coexists, it can result in pseudo-ventricular tachycardia (VT), which is known to be potentially life-threatening(1). Therefore, an electrophysiological study is recommended in patients with accessory pathways(1). Catheter ablation is an effective treatment for APs.