A Solow-Swan framework for economic growth with memory effect

Abstract The Solow-Swan equation is a cornerstone in the development of modern economic growth theory and continues to attract significant scholarly attention. This study incorporates memory effects into the classical Solow-Swan model by introducing a formulation based on the Caputo fractional derivative. A comparative analysis is conducted between the integer-order and fractional-order versions of the model to examine the influence of fractional dynamics on capital accumulation. The findings reveal that the inclusion of a fractional-order derivative significantly affects the trajectory and long-term stability of capital, offering a more flexible and comprehensive framework for modeling economic growth processes.