Modelling Fluid Flow in an Open Circular Channel with three Lateral Inflows

Kenya's recent heavy rainfall events underscore the urgent need for effective flood management infrastructure. While flooding—whether gradual or sudden—causes significant damage to infrastructure and agriculture, current research on circular channels with three lateral inflows remains limited. This study numerically investigates incompressible Newtonian fluid flow in circular channels with lateral inflow angles ranging from 0° to 90° and varying entry lengths. Using similarity transformations and finite difference methods, the continuity and momentum equations were solved and analyzed using Python. Results indicate that increasing the number of lateral inflows leads to a measurable decrease in main channel velocity. Additionally, as lateral inflow angles increase, the main channel velocity declines further. These findings inform the design of efficient drainage and irrigation systems critical for flood mitigation, climate resilience, and sustainable agriculture. Advancements in such water management systems enhance food security, create employment, and drive socioeconomic development, by optimizing resource utilization.