Features of the Lipid Profile in Patients after Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Introduction . The question of the effect of lipids on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) currently remains open and debatable. The effect of dyslipidemia on the risk of arterial and venous thrombosis is currently being studied. The aim of the work was to evaluate the parameters of the blood lipids of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) in the acute period and 1 year after the episode. Materials and methods . A prospective cohort study of lipids — total cholesterol (TCH), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C), high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoproteins A1and B (ApoA1 and ApoB) — was conducted in patients in the acute period PE and after 1 year of follow-up. Results . Patients with PE in the acute period have initially normal levels of THC, LDL-C, TG, ApoA1, ApoB, and low levels of HDL-C. After 1 year of follow-up, the levels of THC, LDL-C, TG, and ApoB exceed normal values, dyslipidemia is detected due to the predominance of LDL-C, and HDL-C levels return to normal. Discussion . Determination of the blood lipids initially and over time allows monitoring changes in the concentration of lipids and correcting dyslipidemia to reduce cardiovascular risk. Conclusion . In the acute period of PE, normal levels of THC, LDL-C, TG, ApoA1, ApoB are noted, but lower in comparison with patients without a history of VTE, low levels of HDL-C. After a year of follow-up, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia due to LDL-C, TG, and ApoB are detected, which creates a cardiovascular risk in these patients and requires correction.