Rotating in space? A feasibility study on performance gains and technology acceptance in VR-based spatial working memory training with neurodivergent adults

Cognitive diversity has driven societal progress, but it can provide challenges in daily workplace interactions. Hence, we developed a modular training paradigm using virtual reality (VR) and structured cognitive exercise to build transferable skills and enhance awareness of cognitive differences. The training strengthens core executive functions, which are subsequently applied to simulated and real-life scenarios. To evaluate performance impacts and technology acceptance, 17 neurodivergent adults explored our VR-based spatial working memory training module. Descriptive results for task performance and the UTAUT dimensions showed performance improvements, low anxiety levels, and high perceived self-efficacy. Participants further expected high effort and low performance gains in work situations, leading to low engagement intentions. These findings suggest that the abstract nature of the training module may have hindered its perceived applicability to practical tasks. While the training demonstrates potential for skill enhancement, refining its relevance to workplace scenarios is crucial for sustained use.