Systematic morphological analysis and stylistic cultural interpretation of Song Dynasty Longquan Porcelain Vases

The Longquan Porcelain Vases from China’s Song dynasty represent significant cultural heritage, yet their morphological characteristics and combinatorial patterns have lacked systematic investigation. This study integrates grounded theory with quantitative statistical analysis, examining 125 vase samples from 12 authoritative monographs. Open coding identified features, axial coding established hierarchical classifications, and Pearson correlation analysis revealed combinatorial patterns, while historical literature analysis ensured cultural validity. The study identified 7 major components, 22 morphological codes, and 68 significantly correlated feature combinations. Findings reveal that Longquan porcelain vase morphology exhibits “diversity within standardization,” manifested in systematic form combinations, unity of function and aesthetics, and associations with social hierarchy and cultural trends. These discoveries reveal Song dynasty Longquan porcelain craft standards and demonstrate their value as material culture carriers. This combined analytical approach provides empirical foundation for traditional craft research and new pathways for cultural heritage preservation.