BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MINE ACTION IN UKRAINE

The article highlights the main challenges and problems of mine action in Ukraine in modern conditions. A brief overview of the formation of mine action as a comprehensive legal institution as one of the most well-known types of international assistance is provided. The purpose of the article is to consider the defining principles of mine action in Ukraine based on the views of scholars, international standards and current legislation. A comparative analysis of the definitions of mine action established by the United Nations in the International Mine Action Standards and the Law of Ukraine of 06.12.2018 No. 2642-VIII “On Mine Action in Ukraine” is carried out. It is determined that the basic principles of mine action primarily consist in the observance of the law in its implementation. Given the large number of possible mine action operators (subdivisions of state bodies, business entities of various forms of ownership, including international and foreign), equality between them is important. The State is the main subject of regulation of the sphere and the formation of policies, support, control, and international cooperation. The article discusses the main provisions, purpose, goals and stages of implementation of the National Mine Action Strategy for the period up to 2033. Particular attention is paid to the UN Convention of 18.09.1997 on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction, known as the Ottawa Convention, as well as to the new geopolitical challenges that led to the adoption of Council Resolution 58/22 on the impact of anti-personnel mines on the full enjoyment of all human rights, which testifies to the support of the Ottawa Convention at a critical time.