Risk management in green logistics within the organic food retail sector using the Ishikawa diagram method

Green logistics plays a key role in the sustainable development of the organic food retail sector by reducing the environmental impact of transport and warehousing operations. The study aimed to analyse the principal risks in green logistics and to develop mitigation measures using the Ishikawa diagram method. The article examined the share of organic food products in total retail sales, per capita consumption levels in the global market, the contribution of different countries to organic product sales, and identified the ten leading countries in terms of per capita consumption of organic goods. Between 2018 and 2021, the global share of organic products increased from 1.7% to 2.0%, but declined to 1.9% in 2022-2023. In Ukraine, the share remained at 0.1% before falling to 0.0% in 2022-2023. Particular attention is given to analysing trends in the export of Ukrainian organic products, as well as the dynamics of domestic sales, including breakdowns by product category. In Ukraine’s domestic market, sales increased from 21 million USD to 33 million USD, but fell to 17 million USD in 2022. The main risks identified in the field of green logistics include supply instability, high costs associated with environmentally friendly transport, regulatory constraints, and shifting consumer priorities. The most significant challenges relate to a shortage of certified suppliers, low levels of digitalisation in logistics processes, and difficulties in packaging disposal. The proposed measures for optimising green logistics include the implementation of advanced IT solutions, the use of alternative modes of transport, the development of local supply networks, and improved management of reverse logistics. The practical value of the study lies in offering recommendations for retail operators aimed at reducing environmental risks, enhancing the efficiency of logistics processes, and supporting the growth of the organic products market