The Spatiotemporal Relationship Between Water Purification Capacity and Land Use Structure in Fuyang

With the rapid development of urbanization and the economy in recent years, increased human activities along the Yinghe River in Fuyang City and industrial expansion have degraded the water quality. Various sewage discharges have elevated nitrogen and phosphorus levels in the water body, disrupting its original ecological balance and exacerbating environmental issues. Therefore, studying the water purification capacity of the Fuyang region is particularly important. Using the InVEST model, this paper analyzes temporal changes and spatial differences in water purification capacity by quantifying nitrogen and phosphorus retention. The results show the following: The water purification capacity of Fuyang exhibits a spatial pattern of higher effectiveness in the north and lower effectiveness in the southwest. This study represents the strength of water purification capacity as the sum of regional output of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, based on which different types of areas are divided into water purification capacity deficit areas and water purification capacity control areas, and then combined with the different impacts of different land use types on the regional water purification capacity, corresponding countermeasures are proposed to optimize the water purification capacity of Fuyang City.