Evaluation of hybridization potential and identification of molecular markers for early recognition of f1 hybrids between Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. 1799 and Cymbidium finlaysonianum Lindl. 1833

This study focuses on evaluating the hybridization potential between two native Vietnamese orchid species, ♀ Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. 1799 and ♂ Cymbidium finlaysonianum Lindl. 1833, and identifying specific SSR molecular markers for early recognition of F1 hybrids. The hybridization process was carried out using emasculation and cross-pollination methods, followed by the development of F1 populations under in vitro conditions. After eight months, the hybrid fruits were harvested, and their seeds germinated successfully on MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 5 g/L agar. A substantial number of F1 individuals were obtained, of which 250 were selected for SSR molecular analysis. Eighteen SSR markers were tested; eight primers exhibited clear amplification, and two primers (CS16 and CS7) showed distinct polymorphism between parental samples. Based on the analysis, eight representative F1 individuals were selected and further evaluated using the CS7 marker, confirming allele inheritance from both parents and thereby validating the success of hybridization. These results contribute valuable molecular tools for early-stage identification of true hybrids and provide a scientific foundation for breeding programs and conservation efforts targeting native Cymbidium germplasm in Vietnam.