Clinical profile and surgical outcomes of Duane syndrome with primary position hypertropia with or without coexisting horizontal deviation

Current study suggests that primary position vertical deviation might exist in 3% of patients with Duane syndrome. All patients had associated overshoots, which were predominantly of a mixed mechanism. Forty percent of the patients needed re-surgery. Well-designed, prospective possibly multicentric studies are necessary to understand the mechanism of overshoot, and consequently the primary position hypertropia to plan accurate management for these patients.