Case report of pulmonary mucormycosis in children with diabetes mellitus type 1

Mucormycosis is a life-threatening, rare disease caused by the fibrous saprophytic fungus Mucorales of the zygomycetes group, which is more often pathogenic in immunocompromised individuals. The disease has a high mortality rate, but aggressive medical and surgical treatment can result in survival rates exceeding 80%. Depending on the organ affected, there are several main forms: rhino-cerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal and disseminated forms. The article is devoted to the analysis of a clinical case of a 15–year-old patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus with pulmonary form of mucormycosis. Emphasis is made on the most effective combination of therapy of mucormycosis with Amphoterecin B and Izavuconazole, nevertheless difficulties in diagnosis led to pneumonectomy. Due to the high mortality rate, physicians need to make correct and timely decisions regarding suspected cases to avoid misdiagnosis and untimely treatment.