Gestação gemelar associada a síndrome de desajustamento neonatal em equino

Twin pregnancy in mares is a rare and undesirable condition in equine reproductive practice due to the high incidence of complications such as abortion, stillbirth, and neonatal syndromes. This case report describes a Mangalarga Marchador mare, tended to at HUVET-FUNORTE, whose twin gestation resulted in the birth of two foals diagnosed with Neonatal Maladjustment Syndrome (NMS), both of which underwent intensive care with a positive clinical outcome. The twin pregnancy was diagnosed late, only at the time of delivery, preventing the application of embryonic reduction techniques. The neonates showed classic signs of NMS, such as incoordination, absent suckling reflex, and lethargy. The therapeutic protocol included hemodynamic stabilization, parenteral nutrition, antibiotic therapy, vitamin support, and continuous monitoring. The mare also received intensive postpartum care, including uterine lavage and administration of drugs to aid in general recovery. The therapeutic success reinforces the importance of intensive neonatal management and specialized clinical monitoring, even in reproductive conditions with a reserved prognosis. It is concluded that, despite the risks inherent to twin pregnancies in horses, favorable clinical outcomes can be achieved with accurate diagnosis, multidisciplinary veterinary action, and adequate hospital infrastructure. This case contributes to the literature by demonstrating the feasibility of effective intensive treatment in twin foals affected by NMS.