The Potential Of Waqf Zurri In The Development Of A Civil Rural Economy Madani Economy

Waqf zurri is one of the important mechanisms in Islamic wealth management, aimed at safeguarding the welfare of heirs before its benefits are extended to the general public. In Malaysia, the management of waqf zurri is regulated by the State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs), which serve as the sole trustees. This study examines the management of waqf zurri in two key states, namely Terengganu and Kedah, through the Majlis Agama Islam dan Adat Melayu Terengganu (MAIDAM) and the Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Kedah (MAIK). The study focuses on the policies, procedures, implementation, and challenges faced in managing waqf zurri assets. This research adopts a qualitative approach through document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and case studies to obtain a holistic view of waqf zurri management. The findings reveal that both MAIDAM and MAIK have their own procedures in managing waqf zurri, including documentation processes, land investigations, ownership transfers, and the distribution of benefits to heirs. MAIDAM employs an istibdal strategy, where waqf assets are converted into more productive assets, while MAIK applies a long-term leasing system to generate returns for heirs. However, several key challenges were identified in the management of waqf zurri, including difficulties in verifying heirs, underdevelopment of assets, illegal occupation on waqf land, and the need for fatwa intervention to ensure waqf utilization aligns with Shariah principles. The study emphasizes the importance of coordination between SIRCs, donors (waqif), and other stakeholders to ensure waqf zurri assets are optimally utilized. Effective management through proper documentation, technological development in waqf registration, and Shariah-compliant investment strategies are proposed as improvements to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of waqf zurri management in Malaysia. AbstrakWakaf zurri merupakan salah satu mekanisme penting dalam pengurusan harta Islam yang bertujuan menjaga kebajikan ahli waris sebelum manfaatnya diperluaskan kepada masyarakat umum. Di Malaysia, pengurusan wakaf zurri dikawal selia oleh Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN), yang berperanan sebagai pemegang amanah tunggal. Kajian ini meneliti pengurusan wakaf zurri di dua negeri utama, iaitu Terengganu dan Kedah, melalui Majlis Agama Islam dan Adat Melayu Terengganu (MAIDAM) dan Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Kedah (MAIK). Fokus kajian melibatkan dasar, prosedur, pelaksanaan, serta cabaran yang dihadapi dalam mengurus aset wakaf zurri. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis dokumen, temu bual separa berstruktur, dan kajian kes bagi mendapatkan gambaran holistik terhadap pengurusan wakaf zurri. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa MAIDAM dan MAIK mempunyai prosedur tersendiri dalam mengurus wakaf zurri, termasuk proses dokumentasi, siasatan tanah, pemindahan hak milik, serta pengagihan manfaat kepada waris. MAIDAM menggunakan strategi istibdal, di mana aset wakaf ditukar kepada aset yang lebih produktif, manakala MAIK mengaplikasikan sistem pajakan jangka panjang bagi menjana pulangan kepada waris. Namun, beberapa cabaran utama dikenal pasti dalam pengurusan wakaf zurri, termasuk kesukaran mengesahkan waris, kurangnya pembangunan aset, penempatan tidak sah di atas tanah wakaf, serta keperluan campur tangan fatwa dalam memastikan pemanfaatan wakaf selari dengan prinsip syariah. Kajian ini menekankan kepentingan penyelarasan sistem pengurusan wakaf zurri antara MAIN, pewakaf, dan pihak berkepentingan lain bagi memastikan aset wakaf zurri dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimum. Pengurusan yang efektif menerusi dokumentasi, pembangunan teknologi dalam pendaftaran wakaf, serta strategi pelaburan yang berlandaskan syariah dicadangkan sebagai langkah penambahbaikan bagi meningkatkan kecekapan dan keberkesanan pengurusan wakaf zurri di Malaysia.