Optimizing financial performance through corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and intellectual capital

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effect of institutional ownership, independent board of commisioners, board of directors, corporate social responsibility, and intellectual capitak on financial performance in energy sub-sector mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2019-2023 Methodology/approach: This study uses purposive sampling in selecting the sample. The sample obtained from this study consists of 24 companies out of 83. The testing method employed is panel data regression analysis, with the best model selection being the Random Effect Model (REM) Findings: The results of the study found that institutional ownership, independent board of commissioners, and board of directors as good corporate governance variables, along with corporate social responsibility and intellectual capital, simultaneously affect financial performance. Furthermore, only the intellectual capital variable has an impact on financial performance. Practical and Theoretical contribution/Originality: The conclusion of the research analysis suggests that companies should enhance the values of good corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and intellectual capital, as they can determine the monetary performance value of the entity. Research Limitation: This study is limited by the availability of CSR data, as some energy sub-sector mining companies do not regularly publish reports.