Historic insights and future potential in wheat elaborated using a diverse cultivars collection and extended phenotyping
Wheat is one of the most important staple crops worldwide. Wheat breeding mainly focused on improving agronomy and techno-functionality for bread or pasta production, but nutrient content is becoming more important to fight malnutrition. We therefore investigated 282 bread wheat cultivars from seven decades of wheat breeding in Central Europe on 63 different traits related to agronomy, quality and nutrients in multiple field environments. Our results showed that wheat breeding has tremendously increased grain yield, resistance against diseases and lodging as well as baking quality across last decades. By contrast, mineral content slightly decreased without selection on it, probably due to its negative correlation with grain yield. The significant genetic variances determined for almost all traits show the potential for further improvement but significant negative correlations among grain yield and baking quality as well as grain yield and mineral content complicate their combined improvement. Thus, compromises in improvement of these traits are necessary to feed a growing global population.
Authors
- Nina Pfeiffer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-8471)
- Muhammad Afzal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1511-816X)
- Patrick Thorwarth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4456-2358)
- Philipp H. G. Boeven (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1536-6606)
- Khaoula El Hassouni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-828X)
- Malte Sielaff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4942-6566)
- Michael Koch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1828-1870)
- Stefan Tenzer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-0017)
- Jost Dörnte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3288-2840)
- C. Friedrich H. Longin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-1651)
- Johannes Schacht
- Matthias Rapp (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-1505)
- Monika Spiller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2180-5380)
- Franz Pfleger
Institutions
- W. L. Gore & Associates (Germany) (DE)
- University of Hohenheim (DE)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Jain Irrigation Systems (Israel) (IL)
- German Liver Foundation (DE)
- University of Music Detmold (DE)
- Limagrain (France) (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2025-08-28
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13678-w
- Primary Topic
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Universität Hohenheim
- Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft
- Bundesamt für Landwirtschaft