Tinjauan Terhadap Pandangan Ulama Sebelum Ibn Taimiyyah Tentang Hukum IstighāthahKepadaMakhluk

This article discusses the views of scholars before Ibn Taymiyyah who considered the act of istighāthah (seeking help) from created beings especially in matters that belong only to Allah as an act of shirk (associating partners with Allah). It was written to respond to the claim that the ruling of shirk or kufr on this practice was first introduced by Ibn Taymiyyah. This study shows that many scholars before him had already ruled such acts as shirk or kufr based on the principles of tawhid and the prohibition of praying to or worshipping created beings in matters that are the exclusive right of Allah. The study also explains how these scholars defined the limits of istighāthah that lead to shirk, and lists several major scholars with brief references to their statements and sources.