The role of ventilation systems on indoor air quality. Analysis and Solutions for a Healthy Environment

This paper presents the relation between indoor air quality (IAQ) and the efficiency of ventilation systems in indoor spaces, given their impact on the health and comfort of occupants. In the context of urbanization and modern construction trends, in which the tightness of buildings has increased significantly, inadequate ventilation can lead to the accumulation of internal pollutants, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), fine particles, and biological agents (molds, bacteria). The paper presents the different types of ventilation systems used in homes (natural, mechanical and hybrid ventilation), analyzing their effectiveness in maintaining a healthy indoor environment. The study highlights that proper ventilation not only prevents the build-up of pollutants, but also helps to improve occupant performance, reducing risks to respiratory and mental health. In conclusion, this paper highlights the need for a balance between energy efficiency and occupant health protection by implementing sustainable and smart ventilation solutions in modern homes.