Assessment of biomarker levels in patients with STEMI, depending on the presence of cardiovascular events

The use of biomarkers is relevant in cardiological practice and is used to obtain information about the state of the cardiovascular system, risk assessment and prediction of cardiovascular events. Objective. To evaluate the levels of intercellular adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinases-9, soluble oncogenic inhibition protein 2 or interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 protein, depending on the development of serious adverse events in patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation and arterial hypertension, presence or absence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention within 36 months. Materials and methods. A total of 136 patients were included in the study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group — 69 patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (MIpST) and arterial hypertension (AH), the 2nd group — 67 patients with MIpST + AH and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). All patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. On the 2nd day after hospitalization, patients were analyzed for levels of intercellular adhesion molecules (sVCAM-1), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and soluble oncogenic inhibition protein 2 (sST2) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The presence or absence of major adverse cardiovascular endpoints (MACE), including recurrent acute coronary syndrome, development of acute cerebrovascular accident and fatal outcome, have been assessed within 36 months. Statistical processing was performed using the Excel program and the Statistica 10 package of statistical programs («StatSoft Inc.», USA). Results. MMP-9 and sVCAM-1 levels differed statistically significantly in patients of the 2nd group at the hospital stage with maximum values in patients with recorded MACE. sST2 level was increased regardless of the presence of DM2 after 12 months, and the difference in values was reduced after 36 months. Conclusion. There have been statistically significantly more deaths in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the hospital stage. sVCAM-1 and MMP-9 levels were statistically significantly higher in patients with fatal outcome at the hospital stage.