Methods for Analysis and Improvement of Dynamic Loads on the Steel Wire Rope Holding the Boom of Steel Wire Rope Excavators

The article analyzes the dynamic loads on the booms of single-bucket quarry excavators and steel cables between two supports and develops design solutions to reduce them. The boom of quarry excavators and steel cables between two supports are located separately on both sides, and as a result of stretching the steel cables, the tension force on the steel cable on one side of the boom increases, which not only has a dynamic effect on the steel cable of this side, but also leads to curvature of the boom. The methods used in the article are analyzed based on the equilibrium equations of the distribution of static and dynamic loads and the finite element method. Based on the programs, a new model of the structural arrangement of the boom and two supports is created and an analysis of the results obtained from the calculations is obtained. As a result of creating a new design model by installing steel cables supporting the excavator boom on two supports as a half-block, uniform distribution of steel cable tension and maintaining automatic tension balance are achieved, which reduces dynamic loads and extends the service life of working mechanisms, and also reduces the risk of accidents by monitoring the dynamic loads of steel cables in real time, which leads to a significant contribution to ensuring the safety of workers. The practical significance of the article is that installing half-blocks on two supports serves to increase the operational reliability of excavators and prevents operating costs and the appearance of cracks in the boom by increasing the efficiency of maintenance, preventing ruptures and defects resulting from improper tension of steel cables, due to ensuring the balance of loads on steel cables, excessive loads on the working mechanisms are eliminated, which leads to an increase in the service life of the steel cable by 15-20%.