Problematic legal issues in the implementation of medical activities. Proposals for improving legislation.

The article presents legislative initiatives of the Khabarovsk branch of the Federal State Autonomous Institution «National Medical Research Center «Microsurgery of the Eye» named after Academician S. N. Fedorov» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation). The purpose of the study: development of proposals for amending and supplementing the current legislation in order to eliminate the currently existing legal asymmetry in the doctor-patient legal relationship. Materials and methods. The following methods were used in preparing this material: analysis of regulatory legal acts and judicial practice in the field of health care, consumer protection; comparative legal analysis of the legal systems of foreign countries (USA, EU, Sweden); quantitative methods: statistics of lawsuits; the method of sociological research (questioning and testing of medical workers); systematization of scientific research data (literature analysis); empirical method (practice of the Khabarovsk branch). Results. An analysis of a number of legal uncertainties in the legislation on the fundamentals of protecting the health of citizens, creating medical and legal risks, was carried out. The article considers aspects of the declarative nature of the rules on patient responsibility, unification of informed voluntary consent forms, and the need to improve the legal competencies of medical workers. Conclusions. Key recommendations: to enshrine in legislation the gradation of patient responsibility taking into account socio-economic factors; to unify informed consent forms and criteria for information availability; to reform medical education by including mandatory legal modules, to introduce liability for false claims.