An Array-Type Segmented Coil Coupling Structure for Dynamic Wireless Charging of EV

For the dynamic wireless charging (DWC) process of electric vehicles (EVs), this paper addresses the issue of output power fluctuations caused by dynamic changes in the coupling coefficient and the equivalent resistance of the battery load. An array-type segmented coil coupling structure is proposed, which reduces power fluctuations by activating multiple rows of transmitting coils when the receiving coil undergoes significant lateral misalignment. The layout of the transmitting coils was optimized using Maxwell finite element analysis (FEA) to enhance the system’s magnetic coupling performance. Based on the relative location between the receiving coil and the transmitting coil, the system’s operating conditions are categorized into two categories: without lateral misalignment and with lateral misalignment. Considering the differences in cross-coupling between transmitting coils under the two categories, a dual-sided LCC compensation network with topological transformation and hierarchical compensation capacitors was designed. This ensures that the system remains in resonance and exhibits zero-phase angle (ZPA) characteristics. To further suppress output power fluctuations during the dynamic wireless charging process, the optimal coil switching position was analyzed, and a power fluctuation suppression strategy based on real-time adjustment of the Buck-Boost circuit duty cycle was proposed. Finally, via MATLAB/Simulink simulations and experimental prototype validation, the proposed coupling structure and control strategy are verified to significantly enhance the stability of output power and operational reliability of the system.