Tissue engineering-based strategies of prevention and treatment for esophageal stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection

Due to lower trauma and higher resection rate, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become the preferred therapy for early esophageal cancer. Esophageal stenosis is a common complication after ESD. A variety of methods are currently used to prevent and treat this complication, including oral administration or local injection of steroid hormones, balloon dilation, and stent implantation, but none are satisfactory when lesions exceed 3/4 of the esophageal circumference. With the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, various biomaterials, including synthetic materials and natural materials, have been widely used and applied in wound healing and tissue regeneration. This review summarizes advancements in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in wound repair, and focuses on the contribution of biomaterials in the prevention and treatment of esophageal stenosis after ESD to provide reference for exploring better strategies in clinical practice.