Evaluating the potential of travoprost-thymoquinone co-loaded liposomes: a glaucomatous rabbit model study

The optimized formulation demonstrated a vesicle size of 96.02 ± 1.35 nm having negative surface charge encapsulated 81.55 ± 1.12% of TQ and 86.88 ± 0.55% of TP. LP-TP-TQ released drug sustained for 24 hr, while ex vivo permeation studies confirmed enhanced ocular penetration. In human corneal epithelial cells, LP-TP-TQ exhibited superior viability and internalization properties. The IOP-lowering efficacy was evaluated in an in vivo glaucomatous rabbit model, where significant reductions in IOP were observed, underscoring the potential of co-delivering TQ and TP via liposomes to ameliorate glaucomatous damage. Results suggest that LP-TP-TQ presents a promising strategy for advancing glaucoma management, laying the groundwork for future clinical investigations.