Security Risk Analysis of Logistical Support Solutions for MaaS and DLT-based Mitigations

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is an innovative approach that makes mobility more efficient, sustainable and seamless. In particular, through the integrated use of digital ticketing solutions within MaaS systems, transportation has become more accessible and user-friendly. However, existing cybersecurity measures for logistical support and ticketing systems lag behind the complexity of these large and interdependent ecosystems. These challenges threaten the reliability and sustainability of MaaS ecosystems, disrupting their functioning and putting the privacy of passenger data at risk. Therefore, identifying risks and providing preventive solutions is a critical necessity for the success of such systems. This study presents an overview of logistical support solutions for MaaS, with a specific focus on state-of-the-art digital ticketing technologies. It identifies key cyberthreats faced by MaaS systems through a comprehensive risk assessment and considers the role of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT), especially blockchain-based ticketing, in mitigating these risks.