Research Progress on the Remediation and Treatment of Heavy Metal Ions in Water by Biochar

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, heavy metal pollution in water bodies poses a major threat to the environment and human health. However, conventional heavy metal pollution control technologies often face problems such as high cost, cumbersome operation and secondary pollution risk. Therefore, the development of new and efficient repair technology is urgent and has environmental significance. This paper aims to explore the preparation method, modification technology and adsorption mechanism of biochar, analyze the regulation mechanism of its physical and chemical properties on adsorption performance, and discuss its remediation effect in complex water environments. This paper concluded that optimizing the preparation and modification conditions of biochar can significantly improve its adsorption efficiency and reduce the repair cost. Biochar shows the characteristics of high efficiency and low cost in the actual water remediation, and has significant environmental and economic benefits. Future research should further explore the combination of biochar and other remediation technologies, develop more efficient preparation methods, and further explore the adsorption mechanism to promote its wide application in the field of water treatment.