Application and research status of semiconductor refrigeration technology

In recent years, global modernization has become an irreversible trend. However, the excessive use of energy has also brought about numerous severe challenges, including global warming, ozone layer depletion, light pollution, and the shortage of non-renewable resources. This article briefly introduces semiconductor cooling technology and provides a detailed explanation of how semiconductor cooling sheets work. By analyzing the current research progress in thermoelectric materials, the article predicts the future development direction of these materials. It then summarizes the optimal operating conditions for semiconductor coolers and discusses their heat dissipation methods, including natural convection, forced convection, water cooling, and heat pipe cooling. The aim is to highlight the importance of efficient energy utilization and enhanced heat transfer in improving cooling efficiency and reducing energy loss. Additionally, the article envisions the structure of semiconductor cooling sheets, optimizing them into pipes. Using SOLIDWORK software for modeling, it applies knowledge of heat transfer to imagine the usage conditions and suitable applications of this new structure. It also looks forward to the application prospects of semiconductor cooling technology in areas such as human protection, solar cooling, and infrared detection.