SOME METHODS OF BIOLOGIZATION IN CULTIVATION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS

Increasing crop yields requires improving existing and developing new agrotechnical techniques aimed at creating favorable conditions for plant growth and development, contributing to the maximum realization of the potential productivity of new high-intensity varieties. The paper considers the issues of increasing the productivity and quality of potatoes using green manure crops, manure and mineral fertilizers with a simultaneous increase in soil fertility. The experiments were conducted in the foothill zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, at an altitude of 600 m above sea level, on the basis of the SKNIIGPSKH VSC RAS. The soils of the experimental site are represented by medium-deep heavy loamy leached chernozems. The study revealed that the intensity of decomposition of the canvas depends on the exposure time - the longer the canvas is in the soil, the more it decomposes. Thus (on average for 2 years) in the first exposure period in crop rotation, the canvas decomposed by 24.1%, and in the fourth - by 48.6%. With permanent plantings, respectively - by 20.2% and 43.6%. Similar indicators were noted in other experimental variants. The applied fertilizers and plowing in of green manure crops had a positive effect on the yield of potato tubers. In crop rotation, with the introduction of N60P60K60, the increase was 41.0 c/ha, manure (60 t/ha) - 37.2 c/ha, white mustard - 25.4 c/ha, winter rye with vetch - 28.6 c/ha, winter rye with vetch, white mustard and N60P60K60 - 67.2 c/ha and with the complex introduction of mineral, organic fertilizers and a triple mixture of green manure crops - 78.6 c/ha. With permanent plantings and the same agricultural practices, the yield of potato tubers was higher compared to the foothills by 44.7-59.1 c/ha.