Sleep Quality and Its Association with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Young Adults in a Primary Care Centre in Mexico

Introduction: In Mexico, 18.3% of adults over 20 years of age have been diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Evidence suggests that sleep quality and duration are related to metabolic diseases, including the risk of developing T2D. A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted in healthy adults, aged 18 to 40 years old, male and female, with normal weight, overweight and grade I obesity. Subjects with T2D, pre-diabetes, depression, chronic pain and sleep apnoea were excluded. The FINDRISC and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index instruments were used. A multiple binary logistic regression model was constructed including male sex, obesity, overweight and poor sleep quality, obtaining exponentials of β (Exp B), 95% CI and p. of 165 subjects, 52.3% were female. Poor sleep quality was 38.2%. The adjusted model showed an association between poor sleep quality and risk of T2D with an Exp B of 2.46 (95% CI: 1.85 - 5.21) and p < 0.05. The findings highlight the importance of implementing efficient non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies to improve sleep quality and control overweight and obesity in healthy individuals in primary care settings.