Optimized Automated Cassette-Based Synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-DOTATOC
<b>Background:</b> [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-DOTATOC is widely used in PET imaging of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) due to its high affinity for somatostatin receptors. Given the short physical half-life of gallium-68 (~68 min), rapid, reproducible, and GMP-compliant synthesis is essential for clinical application. <b>Methods:</b> An optimized cassette-based automated synthesis protocol was developed using a commercial cassette. Improvements included direct generator elution into the reactor without pre-purification, use of a SepPak<sup>®</sup> C18 Plus Light cartridge for purification, replacement of HEPES with 0.3 M sodium acetate buffer (final pH ~3.8), and implementation of a non-vented sterile filter enabling automated pressure-hold integrity testing. <b>Results:</b> Across all batches, the synthesis yielded [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-DOTATOC with high radiochemical purity (> 97%) and reproducible decay-corrected radiochemical yields up to 88.3 ± 0.6%. Total synthesis time was approximately 13 min. The final product remained stable for at least 3 h post-synthesis. The use of acetate buffer eliminated the need for HEPES-specific testing, streamlining the workflow. Automated filter testing improved GMP-compliant documentation and reduced radiation exposure for personnel. <b>Conclusions:</b> This optimized, cassette-based synthesis protocol enables fast, high-yield, and GMP-compliant production of [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-DOTATOC. It supports clinical theranostic workflows by ensuring product quality, process standardization, and regulatory compliance.
Authors
- Franz‐Josef Neumann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9478-2757)
- Martin Wolkersdorfer
- S Friedl
- R L Lechner
- Gundula Rendl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6494-4455)
- Mohsen Beheshti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3918-3812)
- Christian Pirich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4502-0609)
- Ursula Huber-Schönauer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4674-6230)
- Gregor Schweighofer-Zwink (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8407-5522)
- Anton Amadeus Hörmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0119-3102)
- Samuel Nadeje
- Theresa Jung
- Teresa Kiener
Institutions
- Paracelsus Medical University (AT)
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (MX)
- Salzburger Landeskliniken (AT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Pharmaceuticals
- Published
- 2025-08-26
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18091274
- Primary Topic
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00