Economic Impact of Pediatric Hematological Cancer Treatment: Prospective Study from Western Rajasthan's Tertiary Care Center

Abstract Pediatric hematological cancers, which include acute leukemia, lymphoma, and other blood-related malignancies, are one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality in children worldwide. This study investigates the financial burden faced by families of pediatric patients undergoing treatment for hematological cancers at a tertiary center in Western Rajasthan. The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic impact of pediatric hematological cancer treatment at a tertiary care center in Western Rajasthan. It aims to assess the direct and indirect costs associated with treatment, including medical expenses, caregiver burden, loss of productivity, and financial strain on families. Additionally, the study aims to explore the broader economic implications for the health care system and the region, offering insights that can inform policy decisions, optimize resource allocation, and improve the affordability and accessibility of care for patients with pediatric cancer. The primary data collection approach involved interviewing families of pediatric patients with hematological cancers aged 1 month to 18 years who were treated between February 2021 and July 2021. The study assessed direct and indirect costs to understand the financial burden on families. Results indicated considerable financial strain. The analysis of health care costs over the past 6 months revealed that direct costs for investigations averaged ₹ 260,922.8, with a median of ₹ 250,000. The average costs for procedures during hospital admissions and medications were ₹ 48,137 and ₹ 31,818.1, respectively. Indirect costs included an average transportation cost per visit of ₹ 2,324.1 and an average cost for one attendant's transportation, food, and stay of ₹ 5,593.3. A notable portion (21%) of households of patients requiring blood transfusions reported experiencing catastrophic financial consequences. Policymakers and health care providers must work together to develop strategies that reduce out-of-pocket expenses and provide financial protection for vulnerable families. Enhancing regional health care infrastructure and expanding financial aid programs are crucial steps toward alleviating the financial strain and improving the overall well-being of pediatric cancer patients and their families.