A Magnetocaloric Approach Using Heusler Alloys for Energy-Efficient Solid-State Refrigeration Fostering Circular Economy

A magnetocaloric approach using Heusler alloys for energy-efficient solid-state refrigeration fostering a circular economy aiming for sustainable development is a crucial global goal, thus highlighting an urgent need for environmentally friendly refrigeration. This paper aims to develop solid-state refrigeration systems that are both energy-efficient and eco- friendly, thus aligning with the global goals of a circular economy. This paper aims to propose an energy-efficient and environment- friendly green refrigeration system by using the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) shown by entire Heusler alloys, relying on magnetocaloric materialization refrigeration systems that employ hazardous hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which have substantial potential to cause global warming. Solid-state refrigeration based on the MCE offers a possible alternative: eliminating HFCs and improving energy efficiency. A varying magnetic field produced by neodymium magnets and a linear actuator causes a significant temperature shift in the Ni-Mn-Ga Heusler alloy used in the study's prototype system. The experimental results showed a discernible 0.8 K temperature shift in the Heusler alloy in response to the magnetic field. Statistical analysis confirmed that the observed MCE value remained consistent and reliable over multiple tests, with a 0.05 K standard deviation. Although the prototype successfully proved the MCE in the Heusler alloy, its use as a complete refrigeration cycle was limited due to its lack of an active heat exchange mechanism. By illustrating the potential of Heusler alloys as a competitive alternative to conventional refrigerants, the investigation creates the possibility for developing more environment-friendly and energy-efficient cooling systems. Scalability and performance can also be further increased in MCE-based solid-state refrigeration systems by conducting studies concerning the amelioration of Heusler alloy composition and installing efficient heat exchange mechanisms. Therefore, this prototype is expected to be useful for research for the Magnetocaloric Approach using Heusler Alloys for Energy-Efficient Solid-State Refrigeration and future research in this field for future research in this field.