A review on the effect of fiber treatment and fillers on mechanical properties of kenaf fiber–reinforced composites

Abstract Nowadays, fiber-reinforced composites have gained attention due to their potential to replace conventional materials in numerous applications. Researchers have shown considerable interest in using natural fiber–based composites for structural applications in the building, aerospace, defense, military, and automotive sectors. These materials possess unique characteristics that enhance their appeal. Kenaf fiber has become a preferred reinforcement material for composites due to its rapid growth in various climatic conditions and economic viability. It is increasingly recognized as an eco-friendly alternative to glass fiber composites. To enhance the performance of composites, researchers have found that the use of filler materials and chemical treatments significantly improve the mechanical characteristics and reduce the organic content in composite laminates. This study provides an overview of various chemical treatments that have been studied for kenaf fiber, the mechanical properties, and the applications of kenaf fiber in various fields. It explores the impact of chemical treatments on the surface of kenaf fiber and the mechanical properties of the composites created with various amounts of natural and synthetic fillers.