Comparative techno-economic analysis of integrated process designs combining LNG cold utilization and carbon capture

Given the slow deployment of renewables and the continued dominance of natural gas in power generation, advancing carbon capture technologies is essential to curb high energy costs and support broader adoption. Meanwhile, a significant amount of cold energy sources remains untapped despite growing energy demand. Integrating unused cryogenic sources with carbon capture technologies offers a promising pathway to accelerate the low-carbon transition. This paper investigates multiple integrated process designs that utilize the high-grade cold energy of liquefied natural gas (LNG) for carbon capture and storage in the form of liquefied CO 2 (LCO 2 ), structured around pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxy-combustion strategies. The analysis is contextualized by Singapore's LNG imports and local distribution conditions. Steady-state models assess the performance of each integrated design, while techno-economic evaluation examines the LNG power net revenues, accounting for capture costs, environmental taxation, and potential LCO 2 sales, contingent on market accessibility. The assessment shows that an integrated chemical absorption capture system with blended amines would achieve a CO 2 intensity of 0.135 kg/kWh e , with the highest increase in net revenue (30.1 %) if the LCO 2 is marketed, and among the lowest shortfalls in net revenue (0.44 %) without market access. The results also indicate that an integrated cryogenic carbon capture system would achieve low to moderate abatement rates, leading to CO 2 intensities as low as 0.202 kg/kWh e . Without LCO 2 market access, it would incur a minor net revenue shortfall of less than 0.5 %, but only if acid gas enrichment increases CO 2 concentration in the feed gas to 30 %mol CO2 (dry basis). • LNG cold energy can be utilized in CO 2 separation, liquefaction, or both processes. • An integrated cryo-capture system results in low to moderate CO 2 abatement rates. • Cryogenic capture causes <0.5 % revenue shortfall if CO 2 concentration hits 30 %mol. • LNG cold use in CO 2 liquefaction gives lowest CO 2 intensities across all integrations. • Chemical absorption yields highest gain and lowest shortfall with/without LCO 2 market.