Oxygen Vacancy‐Tailored ZnO@Au‐5,5′‐Dithiobis‐(2‐nitrobenzoic acid) Nanotags for Ultrasensitive Multimodal Lateral Flow Immunoassay

Abstract With the development of Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA) detection technology, various new‐type nanomaterials are adopted to endow LFIA with excellent performance and multi‐functional applications. Here, defect engineering of ZnO by photochemical etching is achieved, and the ZnO with controllable band structure loaded with Au (ZnO@Au) exhibits strong Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) performance (Enhancement factor, EF, up to 10 9 ) and catalytic properties. Based on this, a kind of multimodal LFIA detection system is designed for pathogen point‐of‐care testing (POCT) with good reproducibility, speediness (within 15 min), high specificity and high limit of detection (LOD), which simultaneously combines in situ sterilization function (Antibacterial rate >99%) and three detection modes: colorimetric visual recognition mode (LOD = 10 4 CFU mL −1 ), catalytic colorimetric enhanced visual recognition mode (LOD = 10 2 CFU mL −1 ) and SERS detection mode (Fitting LOD <10 CFU mL −1 ). The innovation of nanomaterials based on electronic structure design provides a new sight for the performance improvement and function expansion of LFIA detection.