Capturing complexity – applying and reflecting on the case reporting scheme in a real-world laboratory on car-reduced neighborhoods in Munich

Abstract Real-World Laboratories (RwLs) are increasingly used as instruments of urban transformation, yet their complexity poses challenges for systematic documentation and cross-case learning. This article combines a detailed case report of an RwL on car-reduced neighborhoods in Munich with a critical reflection on the Case Reporting Scheme (CRS), a recently proposed framework for structuring documentation across RwLs. Applied retrospectively, the CRS supported data organization and facilitated interdisciplinary reflection through its tripartite framework of context, lab, and experiment features. However, limitations became apparent—particularly in capturing iterative, non-linear processes and in distinguishing overlapping subcategories. Based on our experience, we argue that while the CRS fosters structured reflection and transparency, it requires refinement and integration with complementary evaluation frameworks to fully capture the dynamics of urban experimentation. We further reflect on the CRS as a tool that facilitates communication and coordination within transdisciplinary teams and has the potential to improve project governance. Our study contributes to ongoing debates about the usability and further development of RwL documentation frameworks, especially regarding transferability and analytical depth. Our findings support calls for more comparative, empirically grounded approaches to evaluating and documenting urban transformation initiatives. We conclude by proposing the iterative and context-sensitive use of tools like the CRS as a foundation for more transparent, reflexive, and transferable practices in sustainability-oriented urban research.