Point-of-care treatment of acute skin wound by portable in-situ electrospinning nanofiber dressings with rapid hemostasis, anti-infection, and angiogenesis effects

The increasing prevalence of acute traumatic injuries caused by traffic accidents, and natural disasters presents multifaceted challenges such as hemorrhages in irregular wounds and being susceptible to microbes. Herein, <i>in situ</i> point-of-care electrospun Zein/Polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofiber bioactive dressings coordinated with tannic acid-based copper nanoparticles (CTZP) are prepared. CTZP exhibits rapid hemostasis performance in rat tail amputation model. And <i>in vitro</i> blood coagulation experiment verifies that CTZP can achieve blood coagulation within 1 min. It has been found that CTZP can activate platelet through the expression of TBXAS1 via PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, the <i>in vitro</i> tube forming assay present that CTZP has an angiogenetic promotion effect. The qPCR result reveals that Zein/Polyvinylpyrrolidone (ZP) substrate can realize angiogenesis promotion by elevating the production of VEGF. Moreover, the addition of tannic acid-based copper (Cu@TA) nanoparticles further enhances VEGF promotion effect and synergistically upregulates the expression of eNOS by PI3K-Akt signaling pathway which is the same as the pathway in platelet activation. In addition, the <i>in vivo</i> immunohistochemistry results confirm the upregulation of VEGF and CD31 which are angiogenesis-related proteins. Besides, Cu@TA nanoparticles endow CTZP dressings with potent antibacterial activity through hydroxyl radical generation via Fenton-like reaction and copper ion release. Eventually, <i>in vivo</i> experiment using an <i>S. aureus</i>-infected rat wound model confirms CTZP's significant wound-healing efficacy. These findings advance the practical application of <i>in situ</i> electrospinning technology for acute trauma care, providing both theoretical and material insights for designing hemostatic, anti-infection, and angiogenetic wound dressings.